Recapitulation through images, from 1870 to the present day (Gauthier and Deschamps, History of France, 1904)

This is the last illustrated page of the manual.

The composition unfolds from the portrait in the center of Jules Ferry, presented as the instigator of free, secular, compulsory primary education. But the images immediately surrounding him promote another Ferry, the architect of France's colonial expansion in the Far East (Tonkin), Tunisia and Madagascar.

At the top of the page, the traumatic memory of the 1870 defeat by Prussia; at the bottom, the hope represented by the alliance with Russia. But neither country is named.